練習(xí)托福閱讀為什么要使用ETS官方材料（上）?

發(fā)布時(shí)間：2015-06-08     來源：美國留學(xué)

 對于每一種考試來說，真題都具有著它與生俱來的價(jià)值。真題對廣大考生而言，是復(fù)習(xí)準(zhǔn)備考試的寶典，它具有繼往開來的指導(dǎo)作用。說它繼往，因?yàn)樗鼤鎸?shí)全面地詮釋以往考試的考查方向、考查重點(diǎn)、考查模式；說它開來，因?yàn)樗鼤陀^準(zhǔn)確地昭示未來考試的考查方向、考查重點(diǎn)、考查模式。

托?？荚囈踩绱?。據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì)，在托?？荚囬喿x題目中，詞匯重合率可以達(dá)到80%以上。因此研習(xí)過去的真題，就是在做未來的考題。

目前，對于托?？荚噥碚f，所謂的真題就是OG和TPO（TOEFL PracticeOn-line），加之過去pbt（paper- basedtest）考試時(shí)遺留下來的真題，也就是老托福的題目。總共也就這三大類。我們一起通過對比來了解一下為什么要使用ETS官方材料。

那么首先我們先來了解一下現(xiàn)在市面上的閱讀材料都有哪些。這里給大家列了表格：

當(dāng)然除了以上材料，還有海量的參考輔導(dǎo)書目以及英語原版書籍雜志。在這就不一一贅述了。針對表格中前三者最具價(jià)值的ETS的官方資料，我們通過一個(gè)類比的方式來感受一下它對真正考試巨大指導(dǎo)意義

這個(gè)大可不必多說。TPO真題是唯一完全跟真正托福機(jī)考相一致的練習(xí)材料。無論是題目數(shù)量［42題］、時(shí)間限制［3篇／1小時(shí)］還是文章長度［700-800字］，都跟真正考試無異。

我們以歷史類話題為對象進(jìn)行一個(gè)對比，把在歷年托?？荚囍猩婕暗降臍v史題材的文章進(jìn)行了如下歸類

其中跟OGTPO真題重合的話題進(jìn)行了標(biāo)注：

各位看到上文中大量的重合的紅色部分，就應(yīng)該感覺得到，TPOOG這類材料的巨大指導(dǎo)意義了吧。

1、如下題目分類概述是根據(jù)OG的官方的要求和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)原封不動的在TPO的題目設(shè)置中貫徹了。所以你會發(fā)現(xiàn)，只有在TPO的套題中才能到位的感受到與題目一致的設(shè)置思路。

2、題目背后蘊(yùn)含的考查邏輯。我們用TPO34-1的閱讀文章 IslamicArtandtheBook來舉個(gè)例子。文章第4題是典型的細(xì)節(jié)題（事實(shí)信息題），眾所周知這類題目是ETS的大愛。作為老師，應(yīng)該也有所體會，講解起來并不容易。

但是，讓我們一起來調(diào)動大腦，開始思考。大家不妨先一起來感受一下ETS的看似無形的設(shè)題思路,生詞已為各位標(biāo)注。

題目如下：

Paragraph1：The arts of the Islamic［伊斯蘭］book, such as calligraphy［書法］and decorative drawing,developed during A.D. 900 to1500, and luxury books aresome of the mostcharacteristicexamples of Islamic art produced inthis period. This came aboutfrom two major developments:paper became common, replacing parchment［羊皮紙］as themajormedium for writing, androundedscripts were regularized and perfected so that theyreplaced the angular scripts ofthe previous period, which because of their angularity were uneven inheight.Books becamemajor vehicles for artistic expression, and the artists whoproduced them, notably calligraphers［書法家］ and painters, enjoyed high status,andtheir workshops were often sponsored［贊助］by princes and their courts. BeforeA.D. 900, manuscripts of the Koran［可蘭經(jīng)］ (thebookcontaining the teachings of theIslamic religion) seem to have been the most common type of bookproduced and decorated,but afterthatdate a wide rangeof bookswereproduced for a broadspectrum of patrons［贊助人］. Thesecontinuedto include,of course,manuscripts of the Koran, which every Muslim wantedtoread, but scientificworks, histories, romances, and epic and lyricpoetry werealsocopied in finehandwriting and decorated withbeautiful illustrations. Most were made for sale on theopen market, and citiesboasted special souks (markets)where books were bought and sold. Themosque of Marrakech in Moroccois known asthe Kutubiyya, orBooksellers’Mosque, after theadjacentmarket. Some of the most luxuriousbooks werespecific commissions madeat the order of a particular princeand signed by thecalligrapher anddecorator.

 

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